PERÍFASIS VERBALES

¿CÓMO RECONOCER ENTRE VERBOS Y PERÍFASIS VERBALES?

En la gramática inglesa, existen ocho partes del habla que forman oraciones (verbos, sustantivos, adjetivos, adverbios, pronombres, preposiciones, conjunciones e interjecciones). 

Mientras que la mayorías de las oraciones no tienen todas las ocho partes del habla, cada oración debe tener por lo menos un verbo, o, algunas veces, una perífrasis verbal. 

Reconocer entre estas dos variedades puede ser un poco difícil al principio, pero con algo de práctica, podrás identificarlos fácilmente en una oración.

CONSEJOS:

1. Lee la oración que vas a evaluar con cuidado. Encuentra la acción en la oración. 

2. Busca las frases que indican acción. Una vez que hayas encontrado el verbo principal en la oración, busca para ver si la palabra precedente también es un verbo. El verbo principal de la perífrasis es la palabra final en la secuencia.

3.Identifica las perífrasis verbales que expresen variaciones en tiempo o estado de ánimo.

ESTOS SON ALGUNOS:

Agrre with: estar de acuerdon con

Break into: entrar en (para robar)

build on: sustentar en

carry out: realizar.

change over time: cambiar con el tiempo

clean up: limpiar y ordenar 

come across: encontrar.

come after: perseguir.

come back: volver.

come from: venir de, ser de.

come in: entrar.

consist of :consistir en.

cut down on: reducir, recortar.

depend on: depender de.

do up: abrocharse(ropa), atarse (los cordones de los zapatos).

do without: arreglárselas sin (algo).

fall apart: romperse.

find out: averiguar.

get into: entrar en (un coche)

get out of: salir de.

give back: devolver.

give off: emetir, arrojar,(gases a la atmósfera).

give up: (dejar de, renunciar)
go down: bajar.

go in: entrar.

go out: salir

go over: revisar

grow up: crecer.

hear about: enterarse de 

help out: echar una mano

interfere with: interferir en

lead to: llevar a 

look after: cuidar

look at: mirar

look for: buscar.

look into: investigar.

look forward to: tener muchas ganas de

make up: inventar(se)

meeet up: quedar con

move out: mudarse

pay black: pagar una deuda, devolver.

rely on: confiar en, contar con

run away: escaparse

run out of: quedarse con

set: montar, armar

sign up for: inscribirse/matricularse en

speak to: hablar/consultar con

stay in: quedarse en casa

sum up: resumir

throw away: tirar (a la basura)

try out: probar

turn up: surgir, presentarse; subir (el volumen)

use up: agotar, gastar

work on: trabjar en, esforzarse en

work out: resolver

EJERCICIOS PARA REPASAR PHRASAL VERBS:

I’m going to   - ? -  taken up  hurry up  give up  puts up with   (dejar) drinking beer. I’m so fat that I can’t see my feet anymore! 
 Rafa’s   - ? -  taken up  hurry up  give up  puts up with   (empezar, dedicarse) photography. He’s just bought one of the latest and most expensive digital cameras.
 I don’t know how my wife   - ? -  taken up  hurry up  give up  puts up with   (aguantar, soportar) me. I drink too much, I’m a bad husband and a I'm terrible person to live with.
 If you don’t   - ? -  taken up  hurry up  give up  puts up with   (darse prisa), we’ll miss the train!

I’ve live in Madrid now, but I   - ? -  wash up  keep up with  wake up  grew up   (crecer) in a small village in Argentina.
 Leave the dirty dishes until tomorrow. I’ll   - ? -  wash up  keep up with  wake up  grew up   (fregar) in the morning.
 My parents find it very difficult to   - ? -  wash up  keep up with  wake up  grew up   (mantenerse al día, estar al tanto de) technology. The world is changing too fast for them.
 I’m going to bed early tonight. Tomorrow I have to   - ? -  wash up  keep up with  wake up  grew up   (despertarse) at 6.30.

We’ve   - ? -  broke down  carry on  throw away  run out of   (agotarse) milk. Is black coffee ok?  The doctor told me to   - ? -  broke down  carry on  throw away  run out of   (continuar, seguir) taking the pills.  I'm sorry I'm late. My car   - ? -  broke down  carry on  throw away  run out of   (estropearse) on the motorway.  Why did you   - ? -  broke down  carry on  throw away  run out of   (tirar algo a la basura) my blue jeans? I know they were old, but they were really comfortable.
What were you   - ? -  looking for  going away  talking / speaking about  take after / takes after   (hablar) with David?  I'm   - ? -  looking for  going away  talking / speaking about  take after / takes after   (irse fuera) for a few days on business next week.  We're   - ? -  looking for  going away  talking / speaking about  take after / takes after   (buscar) a flat in the city centre.  I   - ? -  looking for  going away  talking / speaking about  take after   (parecerse a alguien) my dad, but my sister   - ? -  looking for  going away  talking / speaking about  takes after   (parecerse a alguien) our mum.

Q1 of 18: You have to ___ your cigarette _____ when you enter the non-smoking area.

 let ... down

 put ... out

 pull ... down

 give ... away

Q2 of 18: They ____ all their money ____ to the poor.

 give ... away

 take ... on

 put ... in

 bring ... up

Q3 of 18: The firemen are trying to _____ the cause of the fire.

 get in

 look up

 look for

 find out

Q4 of 18: My daughter _____ her father.

 seems like

 looks at

 takes after

 leaves in

Q5 of 18: The plane is going to ______ in twenty minutes.

 fly away

 take off

 blow up

 set up

Q6 of 18: My brother uses my things and never ____ them ____ .

 drives ... back

 returns ... up

 puts ... back

 sets ... up

Q7 of 18: The music is too loud. ____ it ____ , please.

 Come ... down

 Put ... down

 Let ... down

 Turn ... down

Q8 of 18: ____ your coat and make yourself comfortable.

 Take off

 Take up

 Take on

 Take in

Q9 of 18: Peter is so fast! It's really hard to ______ with him.

 get up

 follow up

 keep up

 take up

Q10 of 18: The burglar ____ her flat.

 broke up

 broke into

 broke in

 broke off

Q11 of 18: We don't believe what Peter told us about Mary. We think he is ________.

 making it off

 making it up

 making it on

 making it new

Q12 of 18: I'm very sad because yesterday I _____ with my best friend.

 fell out

 fallen out

 break out

 made out

Q13 of 18: Our parents had an argument last night but they ______ today.

 fall out

 let up

 get up

 made up

Q14 of 18: We ______ for New York at six o'clock to avoid the traffic.

 get in

 go on

 set off

 put on

Q15 of 18: My mother opened the door and _____ the old cat.

 put in 

 go in

 get in

 let in

Q16 of 18: Please, be quiet ... ______!

 warm up

 stand on

 shut up

 wait on

Q17 of 18: I was ________ by my grandmother.

 bring up

 brought up

 get up

 got up

Q18 of 18: My sister is very intelligent. Everybody ______ to her.

 looks up

 looks after

 looks in

 looks at